AOZ, SEM, AMOZ & AHD Monoclonal Antibodies for Banned Nitrofuran Residue ELISA & LFA IVD Development
Nitrofuran metabolite antibodies are monoclonal antibodies raised not against the parent nitrofuran drug, but against a chemically derivatized form of its stable tissue-bound metabolite. Nitrofurans — furazolidone, furaltadone, nitrofurazone, and nitrofurantoin — are banned veterinary antibacterials in food-producing animals across the EU, China, the United States, and most other major food safety jurisdictions, due to well-documented carcinogenicity concerns. What makes nitrofuran residue testing analytically distinct from most other banned drug classes is that the parent drug molecules degrade rapidly once inside the animal, becoming essentially undetectable in tissue within hours to days. However, each parent drug forms a corresponding metabolite that binds covalently to tissue protein and remains detectable for weeks — making the metabolite, not the parent drug, the practical regulatory testing target.
Before these tissue-bound metabolites can be extracted and analyzed, they must be chemically released from the bound protein and derivatized — typically using 2-nitrobenzaldehyde (2-NBA) — to form a stable, extractable compound suitable for immunoassay detection. This is the reason each metabolite antibody in Sekbio's nitrofuran panel is described with a "2-CP" prefix (2-CPAOZ, 2-CPSEM, 2-CPAMOZ, 2-CPAHD): the antibody is raised against and recognizes the derivatized form of the metabolite, which is the analyte actually present in a properly prepared sample extract. Each of the four antibodies below follows this identical detection principle — a derivatized-metabolite-BSA conjugate paired with a matching monoclonal antibody — but targets a distinct parent drug's metabolite, which is why nitrofuran residue testing panels typically require all four antibodies rather than a single broad-spectrum reagent.
AOZ — the metabolite of furazolidone, detected as its 2-CPAOZ derivative — is the most sensitive and most commonly tested nitrofuran metabolite in Sekbio's panel, with an IC50 of 0.2 ppb, ELISA sensitivity of 0.1 ppb, and colloidal-gold LFA sensitivity of 0.5 ppb. SEM — the metabolite of nitrofurazone, detected as 2-CPSEM — has an IC50 of 1 ppb, ELISA sensitivity of 0.1 ppb, and LFA sensitivity of 0.5 ppb. AMOZ — the metabolite of furaltadone, detected as 2-CPAMOZ — has an IC50 of 0.5 ppb, ELISA sensitivity of 0.5 ppb, and LFA sensitivity of 0.5 ppb. AHD — the metabolite of nitrofurantoin, detected as 2-CPAHD — has an IC50 of 1 ppb, ELISA sensitivity of 0.1 ppb, and LFA sensitivity of 0.5 ppb. Notably, all four antibodies converge on the same 0.5 ppb LFA sensitivity, making them well suited to a shared, multi-line rapid test strip format for comprehensive nitrofuran class screening.
Nitrofuran metabolite testing is most strongly associated with the aquaculture and shrimp export sector, where illegal nitrofuran use has been a persistent and well-documented compliance issue, generating repeated EU RASFF border rejection notifications for shrimp imports from Asia. Poultry meat and eggs, honey, and animal feed round out the primary testing matrices for this drug class, reflecting nitrofurans' historical use as broad-spectrum antibacterials across livestock and aquaculture production.
Derivatized-metabolite antibodies for the four major banned nitrofuran veterinary drugs, each requiring 2-NBA derivatization prior to detection.
| Metabolite | Parent Drug | Derivative | IC50 | ELISA Sensitivity | LFA Sensitivity | Price (1 mg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOZ | Furazolidone | 2-CPAOZ | 0.2 ppb | 0.1 ppb | 0.5 ppb | $895.52/mg |
| SEM | Nitrofurazone | 2-CPSEM | 1 ppb | 0.1 ppb | 0.5 ppb | $895.52/mg |
| AMOZ | Furaltadone | 2-CPAMOZ | 0.5 ppb | 0.5 ppb | 0.5 ppb | $895.52/mg |
| AHD | Nitrofurantoin | 2-CPAHD | 1 ppb | 0.1 ppb | 0.5 ppb | $895.52/mg |
IC50 and sensitivity values from COA release testing in competitive ELISA format against the derivatized metabolite analyte. Prices are reference list prices per 1 mg of monoclonal antibody or matching derivatized-metabolite-BSA conjugate; OEM bulk-scale pricing for 10 mg to gram quantities is quoted on request. Contact info@sekbio.com for full performance data and matrix-specific derivatization/extraction protocols.
Four dedicated, high-sensitivity antibodies covering the complete nitrofuran metabolite testing requirement for shrimp, poultry, and honey compliance programs.
Sekbio's AOZ antibody (2-CPAOZ derivative) achieves the lowest IC50 in the nitrofuran metabolite panel at 0.2 ppb, with ELISA sensitivity of 0.1 ppb and LFA sensitivity of 0.5 ppb. As the metabolite of furazolidone and the most frequently tested nitrofuran target worldwide, AOZ is typically the first target added to any new nitrofuran screening panel.
Sekbio's SEM antibody (2-CPSEM derivative) detects the nitrofurazone metabolite at IC50 1 ppb with 0.1 ppb ELISA sensitivity, matching AOZ's laboratory-grade sensitivity while covering a distinct parent drug required for comprehensive nitrofuran class compliance testing.
Sekbio's AMOZ antibody (2-CPAMOZ derivative) detects the furaltadone metabolite at IC50 0.5 ppb with 0.5 ppb ELISA and LFA sensitivity, rounding out the four-metabolite panel needed for complete nitrofuran class screening in shrimp, poultry, and honey.
Sekbio's AHD antibody (2-CPAHD derivative) detects the nitrofurantoin metabolite at IC50 1 ppb with 0.1 ppb ELISA sensitivity, completing coverage of the fourth major nitrofuran parent drug and its derivatized metabolite.
All four nitrofuran metabolite antibodies — AOZ, SEM, AMOZ, and AHD — share the same 0.5 ppb colloidal-gold LFA rapid test strip sensitivity, simplifying the design of a single multi-line lateral flow strip or multiplexed ELISA plate covering the entire nitrofuran class in one test run.
Nitrofuran metabolite testing is one of the most heavily enforced residue screens in shrimp and aquaculture export compliance, given a long history of EU RASFF border rejections for nitrofuran contamination in shrimp imports from Asia. Sekbio's antibody panel is developed with this application as a primary use case.
Because each antibody is raised against the 2-NBA-derivatized form of its target metabolite, the antibodies are designed to work directly with standard nitrofuran sample preparation workflows already in use across food safety testing laboratories, minimizing the need for custom assay redevelopment.
MOQ is 1 mg per antibody for R&D evaluation, with OEM quantities from 10 mg to gram scale available for kit manufacturing. Sekbio's ISO 13485-certified Shenzhen facility supports quality-assured production with lot COA documentation. Explore the full Sekbio antibody catalog or contact our team for nitrofuran panel development support.
Derivatized-metabolite antibodies for the classic nitrofuran testing matrices in aquaculture, poultry, honey, and feed screening.
Shrimp is the classic nitrofuran metabolite testing matrix and a recurring EU RASFF border rejection category for imports from major aquaculture-exporting countries in Asia. Nitrofurans were historically used to control bacterial infections in shrimp hatcheries and grow-out ponds. Sekbio's AOZ, SEM, AMOZ, and AHD antibodies support the sensitive, reproducible nitrofuran screening capability that shrimp processors and export testing laboratories need to demonstrate compliance before shipment.
Nitrofurans, particularly furazolidone, were historically used in poultry production to treat bacterial and protozoal infections. Because nitrofuran metabolites persist in tissue long after the parent drug has degraded, poultry meat and egg testing programs rely on AOZ, SEM, AMOZ, and AHD antibodies to detect illicit historical use that would otherwise go undetected by parent-drug-only screening methods.
Nitrofuran residues, including AOZ and related metabolites, have been documented in honey from multiple producing regions, reflecting illicit use of nitrofuran antibacterials in some beekeeping operations to control bacterial brood diseases. Honey testing laboratories and packers use Sekbio's nitrofuran metabolite antibodies to screen for compliance ahead of export and retail distribution.
Feed manufacturers and livestock/aquaculture operations use nitrofuran metabolite antibodies to screen feed formulations for unauthorized nitrofuran inclusion, serving as a preventive control point that reduces the risk of downstream tissue residue violations in poultry, livestock, and farmed shrimp or fish products.
Technical and commercial questions from food safety IVD developers building nitrofuran metabolite screening assays.
Nitrofurans — furazolidone, furaltadone, nitrofurazone, and nitrofurantoin — are banned veterinary antibacterials in food animals globally, including in the EU, China, and the US, due to carcinogenicity concerns. The parent drugs degrade rapidly in vivo, but each forms a stable, protein-bound tissue metabolite that persists long after the parent compound has disappeared. Because the parent drug is essentially undetectable in tissue shortly after administration, regulatory testing targets these stable metabolites — AOZ, SEM, AMOZ, and AHD — instead of the parent compounds, which is why each metabolite requires its own dedicated antibody.
Nitrofuran tissue-bound metabolites (AOZ, SEM, AMOZ, AHD) must be chemically released from bound tissue protein and derivatized before they can be extracted and analyzed. This derivatization is typically performed using 2-nitrobenzaldehyde (2-NBA), which reacts with the free metabolite to form a stable derivative. The resulting derivatized compounds are named with a "2-CP" prefix — 2-CPAOZ, 2-CPSEM, 2-CPAMOZ, and 2-CPAHD — denoting the derivatized form that the antibody is actually raised against and detects in a competitive immunoassay.
AOZ (the furazolidone metabolite, detected as its 2-CPAOZ derivative) has the lowest IC50 in Sekbio's panel at 0.2 ppb, with ELISA sensitivity of 0.1 ppb and LFA sensitivity of 0.5 ppb. AOZ is also the most frequently tested nitrofuran metabolite worldwide, appearing as a standard target in shrimp, poultry, and honey export compliance testing programs and in EU RASFF border rejection notifications for nitrofuran contamination.
SEM (nitrofurazone metabolite, 2-CPSEM derivative): IC50 1 ppb, ELISA sensitivity 0.1 ppb, LFA sensitivity 0.5 ppb. AMOZ (furaltadone metabolite, 2-CPAMOZ derivative): IC50 0.5 ppb, ELISA sensitivity 0.5 ppb, LFA sensitivity 0.5 ppb. AHD (nitrofurantoin metabolite, 2-CPAHD derivative): IC50 1 ppb, ELISA sensitivity 0.1 ppb, LFA sensitivity 0.5 ppb. All four nitrofuran metabolite antibodies — AOZ, SEM, AMOZ, and AHD — share a 0.5 ppb LFA rapid test strip sensitivity, supporting a unified multi-metabolite nitrofuran screening panel.
Shrimp and other aquaculture products are the classic nitrofuran testing matrix and a recurring EU RASFF border rejection category for imports from Asia. Poultry meat and eggs are also commonly screened, since nitrofurans were historically used to treat bacterial and protozoal infections in poultry. Honey is another relevant matrix given documented illicit nitrofuran use in some beekeeping operations. Animal feed screening is used as a preventive control to detect unauthorized nitrofuran inclusion before it reaches livestock.
All four nitrofuran metabolite antibodies — AOZ, SEM, AMOZ, and AHD — are priced at a reference rate of $895.52 per mg, covering either the monoclonal antibody or its matching derivatized-metabolite-BSA conjugate (1 mg each). MOQ is 1 mg per reagent for R&D evaluation, with OEM bulk quantities from 10 mg to gram scale available for ELISA and LFA test kit manufacturing. Contact info@sekbio.com for a formal quotation and current lead times.
Yes. Because all four nitrofuran metabolite antibodies (AOZ, SEM, AMOZ, AHD) follow the same 2-NBA derivatization and detection principle and share comparable LFA sensitivity (0.5 ppb), they are commonly combined into a single multi-line lateral flow strip or multi-well ELISA plate layout for comprehensive nitrofuran class screening in one test run. Contact info@sekbio.com for multiplexed panel design and cross-reactivity characterization support.
Nitrofuran metabolite testing is frequently combined with other banned drug and dye residue targets in aquaculture screening panels.
Malachite green and its metabolite leucomalachite green are frequently co-tested with nitrofuran metabolites in aquaculture and shrimp export compliance programs. See the Malachite Green Antibody data sheet for full IC50 and sensitivity specifications.
Chloramphenicol and florfenicol/thiamphenicol residues are commonly screened alongside nitrofuran metabolites in comprehensive aquaculture export testing panels. Review the Antibiotic Residue Antibody hub page for the full veterinary drug residue antibody catalog.
Browse the complete Sekbio antibody product catalog or contact our team to discuss multi-target aquaculture and veterinary drug residue panel development.
Request AOZ, SEM, AMOZ, or AHD antibody evaluation kits, derivatized-metabolite conjugates, or discuss OEM ELISA and LFA kit development support.